When hemorrhoids appear in a third or fourth stage and cannot be cured with normal medication and procedures, a surgery is used called hemorrhoidectomy to eradicate these hemorrhoids. In many cases the surgery is used for internal hemorrhoids, but can even be effectual for other hemorrhoids if these have not been treated accordingly.

This operation is carried out using anesthesia; these could be local anesthetic (an anesthetizing injection into the immediate area) spinal anesthetic (anesthetizing the victim from the waist down) or general anesthetic (leaving the patient unconscious). The surgeon will decide which of these is best for the patient, depending on the patients health and the situation of the hemorrhoids. Also the patients' say is taken into consideration when using any sorts of anesthesia.

The doctors nearly always recommend that the patients does not eat or drink anything at least twelve hours before the operation, this will avert that the patients vomits during the surgery and even after. Other tests are generally taken before the operation as well, incorporating blood samples, urine samples, aspirins which aid thin out the blood of the patient and if the patient is not in a good health, an x-ray test will take place.

The hemorrhoidectomy operation itself if a very simple process that can last from one hour to one hour and a half, once all of the previous tests have been completed and cleared. The patient will be placed on an operating bed, laying face down. Stirrups hare used to hold the legs little elevated so that the buttocks, anus and rectum are easily seen. Immediately after the anesthesia has taken effect on the patient the surgery will begin by clamping and tying the hemorrhoid to prevent bleeding and then taken out.

After the surgery, the patient is put into observation for some time, after making sure that the patient is in good situation, that there are no indications of anesthesia and the patient is able to urinate, ensuring there is no swelling in the tissues that will not allow them to do so; the patient will be will be given a discharge. If there are any complications after the surgery, then the doctors will hospitalize the patient for one night for observation.

After results of the surgery are to be expected and due to this the doctor will prescribe certain relief medication for the patient. Blood in stools is also common after the surgery and bleeding when trying to move bowels. There are numbing medications that help when trying to move bowels after the operation and if asked for, it can be prescribed. Antibiotics are also advised to avert any infections that might appear.

Regular check ups with the doctor is essential after operation, but also care at home is recommended. At times stool softener tablets helps when passing stools as does eating food with a high fiber count. Short walks a couple of times everyday and warm baths assist to erase any pain and discomfort that might occur after the surgery.

As everybody knows, there can be certain risks after having an operation and these might occur in early stages and late stages. The problems that may take place in an early stage could be hematoma, when the blood clots around the operated area, incontinence, some bleeding and sometimes infections. The problems in the later stage can emerge as the reappearance of the hemorrhoid, rectal prolapse and severe bleeding. Regular checks with the surgeon could detect these problems before they get worse.

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